Features of signal representation in a low-phase polarization measuring system

The purpose of the research is analysis of key features of signal representation in a small-base polarization measuring system.

Methods. The methods of probability theory, mathematical statistics, statistical radio engineering and computational mathematics were used in the scientific research. The design features of the small-base polarization measuring system were taken into account. As a result, a number of equations were obtained that allow calculating the output voltages for the receiving antennas of both positions. These relationships are valid in the case when the designs of both positions are similar and include an antenna for receiving and transmitting signals of the same linear polarization and a transceiver. For emitted and received signals of horizontal and vertical polarization, orthogonal to the polarization of the first position, their inherent features are determined. The studies made it possible to formulate an algorithm for calculating the phase shifts of reflected signals for antennas of the small-base polarization measuring system. The proposed algorithm is valid for horizontal and vertical polarization.

Results: the independence of the received wave amplitude value of reflected signals from the design feature of the small-base polarization measuring system was substantiated; the dependence of the energy indicators of received signals on the effective scattering surface of the object (the values σv.v, σv.g, σg.v, σg.g) for horizontal and vertical polarization was established; an algorithm for calculating the phase shifts of reflected signals for antennas of the small-base polarization measuring system was formulated; the factors influencing the technical characteristics of the equipment of the small-base polarization measuring system on the energy indicators of received signals were investigated.

Conclusion. The scientific article proposes a method for calculating the phases of the phase center of the small-base polarization measuring system, which allows implementing the internal problem of the theory of antenna systems. The proposed method allows tying the phase center of the small-base polarization measuring system to an arbitrary conditional point within the base, including the centers of the antennas of any of the two positions. 

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