<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">uprinmatus</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Юго-Западного государственного университета. Серия: Управление, вычислительная техника, информатика. Медицинское приборостроение</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings of the Southwest State University. Series: IT Management, Computer Science, Computer Engineering. Medical Equipment Engineering</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2223-1536</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Юго-Западный государственный университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21869/2223-1536-2026-16-1-132-147</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">uprinmatus-440</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СИСТЕМНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ И ПРИНЯТИЕ РЕШЕНИЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DECISION-MAKING</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Разработка многоуровневой системы для прогнозирования стоимости акций компаний в условиях высоковолатильного рынка России</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Development of a multi-level system for forecasting stock prices of companies in the conditions of the highly volatile russian market</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6824-1019</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Положенцев</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Polozhentsev</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Положенцев Алексей Анатольевич, магистрант кафедры программной инженерии</p><p>ул. 50 лет Октября, д. 94, г. Курск 305040</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey A. Polozhentsev, Undergraduate at the Department of Software Engineering</p><p>50 Let Oktyabrya Str. 94, Kursk 305040</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">polojencev135@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9938-3456</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Малышев</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Malyshev</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Малышев Александр Васильевич, кандидат технических наук, доцент кафедры программной инженерии</p><p>ул. 50 лет Октября, д. 94, г. Курск 305040</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander V. Malyshev, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering), Associate Professor at the Department of Software Engineering</p><p>50 Let Oktyabrya Str. 94, Kursk 305040</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alta76@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3679-7379</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Брежнев</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Brezhnev</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Брежнев Алексей Викторович, кандидат технических наук, доцент</p><p>Стремянный пер., д. 36, г. Москва 115054</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey V. Brezhnev, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering), Associate Professor</p><p>36 Stremyanny side-street, Moscow 115054</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">brezhnev.av@rea.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Юго-Западный государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Southwest State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский экономический университет имени Г. В. Плеханова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Plekhanov Russian University of Economics</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>05</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>132</fpage><lpage>147</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Положенцев А.А., Малышев А.В., Брежнев А.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Положенцев А.А., Малышев А.В., Брежнев А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Polozhentsev A.A., Malyshev A.V., Brezhnev A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://uprinmatus.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/440">https://uprinmatus.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/440</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования ‒ разработка гибридной модели прогнозирования стоимости акций на Московской бирже, учитывающая специфику русскоязычных новостей и интеграцию сигналов временных рядов с семантическим анализом текстов. Модель направлена на повышение точности предсказаний в условиях высокой волатильности российского финансового рынка и структурных изменений после 2022 года.</p><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы. Разработана трёхуровневая модель предсказания стоимости акций. На каждом уровнем предусмотрен выбор инструмента с учётом горизонта прогнозирования. Краткосрочный уровень основан на реализации рекуррентной сети GRU, показывающий высокую эффективность в период низкой волатильности. Среднечастотный уровень использует регрессионную модель с функцией потерь Хьюбера и модифицированные метрики тональности CIS для перевода новостного влияния в денежный эквивалент. Это позволяет совместить краткосрочные и фундаментальные индикаторы, повышает адаптивность модели в периоды высокой волатильности. Редкочастотный уровень объединяет статистическую модель ARIMAX, нейросетевую LSTM, а также индикаторы среднечастотного уровня для оценки долгосрочных тенденций и коррекции ошибок нижних уровней. Интеграция уровней реализована через механизм динамического перераспределения весов и межуровневую коррекцию доверительных коэффициентов.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Разработана многоуровневая система для прогнозирования фондового рынка, реализующего гибридную архитектуру, объединяющую анализ временных рядов, фундаментальных показателей и новостного контекста с использованием языка программирования Python. Проведенная симуляция показала устойчивую точность прогнозов: в условиях рыночной турбулентности уровни L2 и L3 демонстрируют среднюю абсолютную ошибку не более 0,5 руб., что существенно ниже показателей технического уровня L1. Динамический механизм перераспределения весов между уровнями обеспечил адаптацию модели к резким изменениям рыночной конъюнктуры.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Предложенная модель позволяет учитывать специфику российского рынка и снижает влияние рыночных шоков. Система пригодна для применения в инвестиционной аналитике и автоматизированных торговых решениях, открывая перспективы для дальнейшей адаптации под другие развивающиеся рынки.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The purpose of the research is to develop and formalize a hybrid model for forecasting stock prices on the Moscow Exchange, which takes into account the specifics of linguistic analysis of Russian-language news and the integration of time series signals with semantic text analysis. The model is aimed at improving prediction accuracy in the conditions of high volatility of the Russian financial market and structural changes after 2022.</p><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. A three-level model for stock price prediction has been developed. Each level implies the use of a more suitable tool considering the forecasting horizon. Thus, the short-term level is based on a GRU recurrent network and uses a sliding window, which shows high efficiency during periods of low volatility. The medium-frequency level uses a regression model with a Huber loss function and modified CIS tone metrics to translate news influence into a monetary equivalent, which allows combining short-term and fundamental indicators; the use of the latter increases the model's adaptability during periods of high volatility. The low-frequency level combines the ARIMAX statistical model, the LSTM neural network, as well as medium-frequency level indicators to assess long-term trends and correct errors of the lower levels. The integration of the levels is implemented through a mechanism of dynamic weight redistribution and inter-level adjustment of confidence coefficients.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. A software complex for stock market forecasting was developed based on the Python programming language, implementing a hybrid architecture that integrates time series analysis, fundamental indicators, and news context. The simulation demonstrated sustained forecasting accuracy: under market turbulence conditions, levels L2 and L3 showed a mean absolute error not exceeding 0.5 rubles, which is significantly lower than the metrics of the technical level L1. The dynamic weight redistribution mechanism between levels ensured the model's adaptation to sharp changes in market conditions.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The proposed hybrid forecasting architecture combines machine learning, NLP, and econometric methods, ensuring a balance between sensitivity to short-term changes and the robustness of long-term forecasts. The integration of news analysis, time series, and macroeconomic factors allows for considering the specifics of the Russian market and reduces the impact of market shocks. The system is suitable for use in investment analytics and automated trading solutions, opening prospects for further adaptation to other emerging markets</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>прогнозирование фондового рынка</kwd><kwd>гибридная модель</kwd><kwd>временные ряды</kwd><kwd>нейросетевые модели</kwd><kwd>анализ новостей</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>stock market forecasting</kwd><kwd>hybrid model</kwd><kwd>time series</kwd><kwd>neural network models</kwd><kwd>news analysis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kingma D. P., Ba J. L. Adam: A Method for Stochastic Optimization // Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference for Learning Representations (ICLR). URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1412.6980 (дата обращения: 17.12.2025).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kingma D.P., Ba J.L. Adam: A Method for Stochastic Optimization. In: Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference for Learning Representations (ICLR). Available at: https://arxiv.org/abs/1412.6980 (accessed 17.12.2025).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Time Series Analysis: Forecasting and Control / G. E. P. Box, G. M. Jenkins, G. C. Reinsel, G. M. Ljung. 5th ed. Hoboken: John Wiley &amp; Sons, 2015. 712 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Box G.E.P., Jenkins G.M., Reinsel G.C., Ljung G.M. Time Series Analysis: Forecasting and Control. 5th ed. Hoboken: John Wiley &amp; Sons; 2015. 712 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fama E. F., French K. R. A Five-Factor Asset Pricing Model // Journal of Financial Economics. 2015. Vol. 116, N 1. P. 1–22.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fama E.F., French K.R. A Five-Factor Asset Pricing Model. Journal of Financial Economics. 2015;116(1):1–22.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hinton G. E., Srivastava N., Krizhevsky A., Sutskever I., Salakhutdinov R. Improving Neural Networks by Preventing Co-adaptation of Feature Detectors // Neural and Evolutionary Computing. URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1207.0580v1 (дата обращения: 17.12.2025).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hinton G.E., Srivastava N., Krizhevsky A., Sutskever I., Salakhutdinov R. Improving Neural Networks by Preventing Co-adaptation of Feature Detectors. In: Neural and Evolutionary Computing. Available at: https://arxiv.org/abs/1207.0580v1 (accessed 17.12.2025).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Белоусов А. В. Методы анализа временных рядов в экономике. М.: Финансы и статистика, 2018. 312 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Belousov A.V. Methods of Time Series Analysis in Economics. Moscow: Finansy i statistika; 2018. 312 p. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шамраева В. В. Математические методы прогнозирования изменения цены акций и их реализация методами машинного обучения // Фундаментальные исследования. 2024. № 11. С. 88‒96.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shamraeva V.V. Mathematical Methods for Forecasting Stock Price Changes and Their Implementation Using Machine Learning. Fundamental'nye issledovaniya = Fundamental Research. 2024;(11):88-96. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Васильев А., Смирнов И. Применение машинного обучения для прогнозирования фондового рынка России // Computational Economics and Finance Journal. 2023. Т. 5, № 2. С. 34–45.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vasiliev A., Smirnov I. Application of Machine Learning for Forecasting the Russian Stock Market. Computational Economics and Finance Journal. 2023;5(2):34–45. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Huber P. J. Robust Estimation of a Location Parameter // The Annals of Mathematical Statistics. 1964. Vol. 35, N 1. P. 73–101.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Huber P.J. Robust Estimation of a Location Parameter. The Annals of Mathematical Statistics. 1964;35(1):73–101.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сентимент частных инвесторов и его влияние на доходность российских акций / Т. В. Теплова, Т. В. Соколова, А. Ф. Томтосов [и др.] // Журнал Новой экономической ассоциации. 2022. № 1 (53). С. 53–84.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Teplova T.V., Sokolova T.V., Tomtosov A.F., et al. Sentiment of Private Investors and Its Impact on the Returns of Russian Stocks. Zhurnal Novoi ekonomicheskoi assotsiatsii = Journal of the New Economic Association. 2022;(1):53–84. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hochreiter S., Schmidhuber J. Long Short-Term Memory // Neural Computation. 1997. Vol. 9, N 8. P. 1735–1780.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hochreiter S., Schmidhuber J. Long Short-Term Memory. Neural Computation. 1997;9(8):1735–1780.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Learning Phrase Representations using RNN Encoder–Decoder for Statistical Machine Translation / K. Cho, B. van Merriënboer, C. Gulcehre, D. Bahdanau, F. Bougares, H. Schwenk, Y. Bengio // Proceedings of the 2014 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP). Doha, 2014. P. 1724–1734.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cho K., van Merriënboer B., Gulcehre C., Bahdanau D., Bougares F., Schwenk H., Bengio Y. Learning Phrase Representations using RNN Encoder–Decoder for Statistical Machine Translation. In: Proceedings of the 2014 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP). Doha; 2014. P. 1724–1734.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Пятибратов Д. В., Логинов А. В., Болотов Т. А. Сравнительный анализ алгоритмов машинного обучения в задачах исследования фондового рынка // Вестник науки. 2025. Т. 3, вып. 10 (91). С. 644-650.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pyatibratov D.V., Loginov A.V., Bolotov T.A. Comparative Analysis of Machine Learning Algorithms in Stock Market Research Tasks. Vestnik nauki = Science Bulletin. 2025;3:644-650. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Глебова А. Г., Ковалева А. А. Прогнозирование волатильности российского биржевого рынка акций в условиях международных санкций // Финансы: теория и практика. 2024. № 1. С. 20–29.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tetlock P. C. Giving Content to Investor Sentiment: The Role of Media in the Stock Market. The Journal of Finance. 2007;62(3):1139–1168.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tetlock P. C. Giving Content to Investor Sentiment: The Role of Media in the Stock Market // The Journal of Finance. 2007. Vol. 62, N 3. P. 1139–1168.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Glebova A.G., Kovaleva A.A. Forecasting the Volatility of the Russian Stock Market under International Sanctions. Finansy: teoriya i praktika = Finance: Theory and Practice. 2024;(1):20–29. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Damodaran A. Investment Valuation: Tools and Techniques for Determining the Value of Any Asset. 3rd ed. Hoboken: John Wiley &amp; Sons, 2012. 992 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Damodaran A. Investment Valuation: Tools and Techniques for Determining the Value of Any Asset. 3rd ed. Hoboken: John Wiley &amp; Sons; 2012. 992 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">PyTorch: An Imperative Style, High-Performance Deep Learning Library / A. Paszke, S. Gross, F. Massa, A. Lerer, J. Bradbury [et al.] // Machine Learning. URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1207.0580v1 (дата обращения: 17.12.2025).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Paszke A., Gross S., Massa F., Lerer A., Bradbury J. et al. PyTorch: An Imperative Style, High Performance Deep Learning Library. In: Machine Learning. Available at: https://arxiv.org/abs/1207.0580v1 (accessed 17.12.2025).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Scikit-learn: Machine Learning in Python / F. Pedregosa, G. Varoquaux, A. Gramfort, V. Michel, B. Thirion [et al.] // Journal of Machine Learning Research. 2011. Vol. 12. P. 2825–2830.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pedregosa F., Varoquaux G., Gramfort A., Michel V., Thirion B., et al. Scikit-learn: Machine Learning in Python. Journal of Machine Learning Research. 2011;12:2825–2830.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Минкин В. А., Кулешов Д. А. Применение методов машинного обучения для прогнозирования фондового рынка // Вестник Финансового университета. 2022. № 3. С. 55–66.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Minkin V.A., Kuleshov D.A. Application of Machine Learning Methods for Stock Market Forecasting. Vestnik Finansovogo universiteta = Bulletin of the Financial University. 2022;(3):55–66. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Першина А. А., Арутюнян А. Г., Косников С. Н. Применение нейросетей в прогнозировании экономических тенденций // Региональная и отраслевая экономика. 2023. № 5. С. 164‒171. https://doi.org/10.47576/2949-1916_2023_5_164</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pershina A.A., Arutyunyan A.G., Kosnikov S.N. Application of neural networks in forecasting economic trends. Regional'naya i otraslevaya ekonomika = Regional and Sectoral Economics. 2023;(5):164-171. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.47576/2949-1916_2023_5_164</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
